Machine for crimping or curling hair.



T. RAY.

MACHINE FOR CRIMPING 0R CURLING HAIR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-5I 1915- Patented June 6, 1916.

Fay 3 K5 himi momnav, or DUBLIN, mum).

MACHINE FOB GRIMPING 0R CURLING HAIR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 6, 1916.

Application filed August 5, 1915. Seria11i'o.48,877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I THOMAS RAY, a subject of the King of dreat Britain,residing at J:9-50 Dolphins Barn street, Dublin,

Ireland, have invented Improvements in Machines for Crimping or CurlingHair, of

which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in machines for crimping or curlinghair and has for its object to provide-means by which the hair iscrimped and curled and dried were formerly necessary for crimpingorcurling hair, such as the addition of binding material and the makingof the hair into ropes and then teasing out of the ropes for crimping orcurling purposes; and my said invention also effects a considerablesaving in production as cheap grade hair can be manufactured without theaddition of binding materials such as horse hair or fiber.

My invention, which is made in modified forms, comprises a top platformin combination with a bottom platform, the top platform having itsbottom part corrugated or fluted and rigid to register withcorresponding corrugations or flutes and ridges in the bottom platformso that the male and female corrugations or flutes and ridges of the topplatform fit into the female and male corrugations or flutes and ridgesin thebottom platform, respectively. The top and bottom platforms areadapted to be heated intheirhollow interiors by means of a suitableapplication of heat as by steam, or rows of steampipes,

or by gas flames, or by heat from electricity so as to keep thecorrugations or flutes and ridges at any suitable temperature for haircrimping or curling operations. 'The bottom platform is provided with aborder of any suitable height to form a receptacle for the-hair, and onepart of the border is adapted to open out or close on a hinge forconvenience in removing the hair or keeping it in place. The topplatform is provided with. means for fitting to a suitable connectionona steam or hydraulic press or hand press or other suitable press so asto be moved down and u thereby and into or out of engagement wlth thebottom platform. The corrugations or flutes and ridges on both platformsare made of straight or wavy formation or circular formation as seenfrom a plan view as also the'bor'der. When the top platform is presseddown, the hair 1n the said receptacle is presse into the corrugations orinto the flutes and over the ridges and is thus crimped or curled 'orconverted into a wavy formation aided by the application of heat.

.The invention also comprises other items or devices suitably arrangedand disposed as will be hereinafter more particularly described andillustrated in the'accompanying drawing.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the bottom platform anda side elevation of the top platform inside and in reg- 1ster with thebottom platform. Fig. 2 shows a transverse sectional elevation throughthe line A B of Fig. 1, and through the line C D of Fig. 6, w1th the topplat-- form, in both cases, inside the border and in register with thebottom platform. Fig. 3 is a plan view. of the bottom platform shown inFig. 1, but with the top platform removed. Fig. 4 shows a plan view ofthe top platform. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the corrugations or ridgesand flutes in a wavy formation and as applicable to the top and bottomplatforms, and the border is also shown in a corresponding manner forthe bottom platform. Fig. 6 shows a plan view of a further modificationof the top and bottom platform with corrugations or flutes and ridgesand border of circular formation. Fig. 7 shows a sectional elevation ofthe top and bottom platforms in register with the corrugations or flutesand ridges following a convex-concave contour so as to afford a largersurface area for hair inside the said border.

Similar reference numerals indicate similar parts throughout the severalviews. a

In Fig. l, the bottom platform 1 is provided with a series ofcorrugations 2 to register. with corresponding corrugations 3 in the topplatform 4, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or the top and bottom platformsare provided with flutes and ridges so as to register and closely fitinto each other as shown in Fig. 2 when the top platform is down to thelimit of its travel. For heating purposes, in all cases, the top andbottom platforms are provided with hollow interiors 5 and 6,respectively, which are made airtight or ventilated according to thenature of the heat employed about the corrugations or flutes and ridges,such as steam heat or gas flames or hot water or heat from electricity.In employing heat from steam or hot water, the chambers or hollow spaces5 and 6 are supplied with the necessary heat from inlet pipes 7 and 8,respectively, and to provide the necessary circulation, theoutlet pipes9 and 10, respectively, are provided. In lieu of these heatingarrangements, the hollow spaces 5 and 6 are heated by suitable rows ofpipes 11 suitably connected up for the conveyance of steam heat or gasfire in which latter case the spaces 5 and 6 are suitably ventilated inorder to induce combustion, or the hollow spaces 5 and 6 may be providedwith the known kind of apparatus for conveying heat by electricity.

The bottom platform 1 is provided with a border 12 or 12 so as to form areceptacle about the corrugations or flutes and ridges in the bottomplatform in order to hold a, supply of hair, and a corresponding border13 hinged at 14: on a boss 15 on the bottom platform is also provided sothat this border 13 can be swung down to its position shown in dottedlines, so that the hair in the said receptacle may be easily removed.The flutes 15 and the ridges 17 as formed by the said corrugations areshown in plan view in Figs. 3 and 1, and are shown in cross section inFig. 2.

The inlet and outlet pipes 7 and 9, respectively, in the top platformsin Figs. 1, 2, 4:, 6 and 7, are fitted with flexible pipe connections toallow of the up and down movements of the top platforms. The hollowinteriors 5 and 6 may be provided with suitably disposed drain taps orpipes to drain ofl" any accumulation of water that might occur. Thebottom platform is provided with a suitable flange 18 which may bebolted to a suitable foundation under the steam press or hydraulic pressor other press used, and the top platform is provided with one or morebosses or other fixture or fixtures 19 to engage a suitable fitting orfittings on the plunger rod of the type of press used. In all cases thetop platform is tted with a suitable number of guides, not shown, at theoutside portions of the top platforms, these guides being made andfitted in the known way so as to guide the top platform into thereceptacle 20 and into register with the said corrugations or flutes andridges on the. bottom platform as when the top platform is moved down.In all cases, the upper portion 21 of the top platforms may be madeseparate from the rest of the top platforms and bolted to the remainingtop portions on the plane at 22 instead of being in one integral mass,as shown, and in a similar manner the bottom portion of the bottomplatforms may be made separate on a plane at 23 and bolted up to theremaining portion of the bottom platforms so as to be removable, ifdesired,

instead of being in one integral mass as shown, the bolts in both casesbeing fitted in the usual manner for jointed connections.

In Fig. 5 the flutes 16 and the ridges 17' are shown in a wavy formationas also the border 12" as a modification instead of straight as shown inFig. 3.

It will be seen that the ridges and flutes on the top platform, in allcases, fit into the flutes and ridges, respectively, on the bottomplatform, in all cases.

For the purpose of damping the hair, a steam or other spray, not shown,with flexible coupling or connection is fitted in connection with asuitable source of supply, and forms a part of my said invention, any

usual and suitable spraying apparatus being used to damp the hair. Theinteriors of the top and bottom platforms, in all cases, may be suitablyribbed to withstand the force of compression when the top platforms arepressed down into engagement with the bottom platforms.

In a further modification of my said invention, and as shown in Fig. 6in a plan view, the top platform 24 and the bottom platform 25 are ofcircular formation as looked at from a plan view, but Fig. 2 will serveto illustrate a sectional elevation through the line C D although someof the reference numerals differ in Fig. 2 from those in Fig. 6. In Fig.6, the top and bottom platforms 24: and 25, respectively, are providedwith a series of circular and concentric corrugations 36 and 37 to formflutes and ridges to register and fit into each other as shown in crosssectional elevation in Fig. 2. The further modification shown in Fig. 6is simpler in construction and cheaper to manufacture by reason of thecorrugations,

flutes and ridges being of circular form-.1

tion, as looked at from a plan view, while efficiency is retained. Thebottom platform 25 is provided with a circular border 12 to form areceptacle for the hair, and part of this border forms a door 26 whichis hinged to the border at 27 This door 26 is shown partly open indotted lines, and it will be horizontal plane for removal of hair. The

door 26 may be held in the closed position by any suitable lockingdevice. The top platform 24; may be provided on its outer portions, andin suitable positions above the border 12 and door 26, with two or moreguides adapted to slide on two or more guide rods fixed in part of thebottom platform so that the top platform is guided into and out of thesaid receptacle and into and out of engagement with the bottom platform.The bottom, platform is provided with a suitable flange 28 for boltingdown to a suitable foundation. In this case also, the top. and

bottom platforms may each be made in one integral mass or made separateand bolted together in a similar manner to that already described.

Fig. 7 shows a still further'modified view of my said invention insectional elevation with the top platform 29 in register with the bottomplatform 30,but in this case the corrugations 31 and 32 follow aconvex-concave contour as indicated by the dotted arcs 33 and 34,respectively, so as to afford a larger surface area for hair inside theborder 35. In Fig. 7 the top and bottom platforms with their respectivecorrugations, may be made circular in formation as seen from a plan viewas in Fig. 6, or they may be made rectangular as shown in a plan view inFigs. 4 and 3, respectively, .and the bottom platform 30 may be providedwith a border door as shown in Fig. 6 or Fig. 1. The application of theheating arrangements described, are common to all the views shown asalso the sprayin apparatus and the working or operation 0% the machine.The hollow in- .teriors of the top and bottom platforms common to Figs.6 and 7, may be suitably ribbed inside to withstand the force ofcompression.

My said invention is operated as follows :The hair is run through ateasing machine and loosened out and then a layer of hair of suitabledimensions is spread evenly on the top of the corrugations or ridges andflutes of the bottom platform and then thoroughly damped with the saidsteam spray or other spray. The top and bottom platform being heated toa suitable temperature, the topplatform is then pressed down on top ofthe mass of hair which is then driven over and between the corrugationsor ridges and flutes, respectively, in the top and bottom platforms, asuitable pressure being maintained between the said platforms and thehair until the hair is thoroughly dried and crimped or curled or wavedand then the top platform is lifted up clear of the bottom platform andbottom platform border and the hinged portion of the border is openedand the hair easily removed. The hair may then be put in bags. When itis desired to repeat the operation, the hinged border is closed and thereceptacle is again filled or partially filled with a layer of hairwhich is treated as described.

It is obvious that my'said invention readily lends itself to furthermodification in details of construction and arrangement with outdeparting from the nature or scope of the invention.

I claim as my invention:

1. A machine for crimping and curling hair, comprising a base, a seriesof corrugations in the uppersurface thereof, a member rising from thesaid base and surrounding said corrugations, a head, a series ofcorrugations in the under surface thereof adapted to register with thecorrugations in the upper surface of said base, and means for heatingthe said base and head.

2. A machine for crimping and curling hair, comprising a stationarybase, a series of corrugations in the upper surface thereof, a memberextending upwardly from said base and surrounding the corrugationstherein, a movable head, a series of corrugations in the under surfacethereof adapted to register with the corrugations in the upper surfaceof the base, and means for heating the corrugated portions of the saidbase and head.

3. A machine for crimping and curling hair, comprising a stationarybase, a series of corrugations in the upper surface thereof,a memberextending upwardly from; said base and surroundingthe corrugationstherein, a door in said member, a movable head, a series of corrugationsin the under surface thereof adapted to register with the corrugationsin the upper surface of the base, and means for heating the corrugatedportions of the said base and head.

4. A machine for crimping and curling hair, comprising a stationarybase, a series of corrugations in the upper surface thereof, a memberextending upwardly from said base and surrounding the corrugationstherein, a door in said member, a movable head, a member fixed to saidhead for securing the same to the plunger of a press, a series ofcorrugations in the under surface of said head adapted to register withthe corrugations in the upper surface of the base, and means for heatingthe corrugated portions of the said base and head.

5. A machine for crimping and curling hair; comprisinga stationaryhollow base, a series of corrugations in the upper surface thereof, amember extending upwardly from said base and surrounding thecorrugations therein, a door in said member, a movable hollow head, amember fixed to said head for securing the same to the plunger'of apress, a series of corrugations in the under surface of said headadapted to register with the corrugations in the upper surface of thebase, and steam pipes leading toand from said base and movable head forheatin the corrugated portions thereof.

igned by 'me this 21st day of July, 1915.

THOMAS RAY.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM E. DOYLE, EDW. FITZGERALD.

